Usage Of Nanotechnology In Bioengineering
With the development of science man started to discover things that could not be visualized from the naked eye and worked with them. Passing through all small scale, now they have reached towards the one billionth of meter (10-9) size particle size. Application of this technology with existing has become great influence in medicine, engineering, military, transport, and technology even for the purification of environment.
In modern biomedical science scientists are trying to combine nanotechnology into that as most of the biosystems which exist in a nanoscale. By applying them they have designed and applied nanomaterials like Carbon Nano Tube (CNT)-based drug delivery system, Enzyme encapsulation and Nano-biosensors these are making biomedical and biotechnical science more fascinating. Among them the incorporation of Carbon Nano Tubes in medicine is important as it can be used for both therapies and diagnostic methods. In cancer therapies CNTs can be used as anticancer drug like ‘Doxorubicin’ to treat tumors. Also, By Antitumor Immunotherapy it can be treated to cancers. Moreover, CNTs are used as vaccine delivery tools and Local Antitumor Hyperthermia Therapeutic tools by that stimulating patients’ immune system to fight against the tumor. In microbiology CNTs are used for the treating to the bacterial infections because they act antimicrobial agent carriers also, they have antimicrobial activity within themselves as they can be adsorbed bacteria onto the surface.
Another novel usage of nanotechnology is using polymer nanocomposite in medicine the best example is biodegradable drugs like Fentanyl which is used as pain killer. Also, nano sized pills are used to target tumors in drug delivery method in cancer drugs. They can be modified with the nanocomposite polymers to hone to another tissue in the body to deliver drug for other diseases.
Nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMSs) are another important invention which are derived from microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs). As BioMEMSs applications like microfluid PCR, polymer stents, hearing aid-transducers, implantable MEMS pressure sensors scientist are working on making them in nanoscale by using NEMS.
But at some point, nanotechnology can give some disadvantages too as heavy metals used in producing some nanoparticles can give adverse effects like Ionized silver present in the silver nanoparticles is persistent in the organs of animals who are exposed them for long term, but their effects are not clearly understand yet. And as its size it should do under high supervision. And, when it is used to the development of science with bioengineering it should have sustainability.
Although the advances in nanotechnology are paving new paths day by day, there still persist many challenges and opportunities to improve the current technology and also issues about the consequences of nanotechnology that must need to be addressed in order to alleviate consumer concerns.
References
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2. Harik, V. (2018). Nanotechnology of Carbon Nanotubes. Mechanics of Carbon Nanotubes, 1–24. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-811071-3.00001-9
3. Sanginario, A., Miccoli, B., & Demarchi, D. (2017). Carbon Nanotubes as an Effective Opportunity for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment. Biosensors, 7(4), 9. doi:10.3390/bios7010009
4. Seifalian, A. (2011). A new era of cancer treatment: carbon nanotubes as drug delivery tools. International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2963. doi:10.2147/ijn.s16923
5. Lay, C. L., Liu, J., & Liu, Y. (2011). Functionalized carbon nanotubes for anticancer drug delivery. Expert Review of Medical Devices, 8(5), 561–566. doi:10.1586/erd.11.34
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