Usage of Nanotechnology in Bio Engineering
Nanotechnology is simply explained as usage of atomic matter at nano-scale for industrial purposes. In many developing countries nanotechnology is helpful in treating diseases and preventing health issues. The development of application in various industries and purification process uses nanotechnology. Bandages are good example for medical products which use nanotechnology. Nanotechnology offers the potential for life-saving medical treatments.
There are more than 50 nanomedicine products in the market which are being used in most of the medical sectors and by doctors. There are vast and span application areas of nanotechnology in medicine and bio engineering. These are diagnosis and therapy, tissue engineering, etc. The current scenario demands designing nano-equipments which can resolve biological issues and fulfill efficient biomedical needs.
Most of the nanomaterials are belong to organic, inorganic and hybrid categories in highlighting their specific usage in therapeutics and diagnostics. The hybrid nanostructures are mostly used in many medical fields in imaging certain body parts and making biosensors. Solubility in water, biomaterial compatibility and biological system recognition are the additional features of this hybrid nanostructures.
Bio marker is a measurable indicator of the presence of a specific disease which is a quantitative biological signatures to integrated into drug development, clinical testing and modern medicines. In 2016, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) published the glossary which includes biomarkers. Bio markers are used to estimate the risk in spreading of specific diseases. In improvement of biomarker sensing and selectivity of assays, nanotechnology provides greater advantages as well. The types of bio markers are susceptibility risk bio marker, predictive bio markers, prognostic bio markers, monitoring bio markers, etc.
The another advantage of nanotechnology in bioengineering is to deliver drugs, light, heat or other substances to specific cell types using nanoparticles such as to cancer cells. The reduction of damage to healthy cells and easier detection of diseases are the usage of nanotechnology in medicine. More precise and safer imaging of cancer cells using nanotechnology is widely approached in medicinal field. In curing injuries and healing wounds this technology also plays an important role as well.
Nanorobots are most developing technology in the field of nanotechnology which can be release into the blood stream using pills or injection to find the damage and treat it. Then they breakdown and disintegrate into nanoparticles. This new technique will cure most of the diseases that we never cured before using traditional methods. The external injury due to traditional treatment methods can be stopped by using this nanorobot. Mostly these robots are being used in cancer treatment by locate around cancer cells, inject and destroy them directly. Even brain injuries and tumors also can be cured by using this nanotechnology. Here nanoconstructs are designed to release neuroprotective molecules directly to the human brain to recover nerve cell and protect them from damage.
Therefore we can say that there’s nothing that can’t do better work without nanotechnology in bio engineering as the most of the medical products are being produced and involved with nanotechnology for technology development in bio engineering and for betterment of the mankind.
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