Automation in Agricultural Equipment and Technology
In the civilization of Sri Lanka,there was a successful agriculture with paddy fields,home gardens and chenas.At that time,the country was self sufficient in rice and other food.Agriculture itself provided the food,clothing,and medicine needed for human survival,and this became known as subsistence agriculture.Related to that there was a culture of rural leadership and irrigation management in the country.Small scale bartering took place in the rural areas.The contribution of Government sponsorship,irrigation technology,agriculture and culture contributed to this self sufficiency.
“The Green Revolution” is a massive increase in agricultural productivity due to the use of synthetic fertilizers,agrochemicals,new agricultural machinery and improved crop varieties.The changes that took place in agriculture with the Green Revolution were the introduction of high yielding seeds in a short period of time,the introduction and use of agrochemicals,the increase in farm mechanization,the prioritization of surplus produce sales,and the almost double of world gain production.
At present there is a new production pattern in our country which is home gardening as well as commercial agriculture targeting the local and foreign markets.There are a number of traditional plantation crops and non-traditional agro-enterprises spread across the country targeting the export market.Commercial ornamental flowering plants,shrimp farming,ornamental fish cultivation,nurseries,mushroom cultivation,bee keeping are among the major activities.Furthermore,high quality agro products are continuously produced and supplied to the market in the required quantity.
The contribution of industry to the development of Sri Lanka is very high.It is well illustrated by the provision of nutritional needs,employment,foreign exchange earnings,supply of raw materials to the industrial sector,and nurturing of culture.
The process of physical preparation of the soil to create a suitable soil environment for a seed or plant to be properly incorporated into the soil and then grow well is called ground preparation.In preparing the land for cultivation,the following measures are taken by the farmers to properly meet the requirements to obtain high yields.These include improving the physical condition of the soil,loosening the soil to allow the root systemof the crop to spread,adapting the soil to suit each crop,fertilizing the soil and controlling pests.There are two main types of land preparation.They are basic land preparation and interlocking.Basic land preparation is also of two main types.They are primary land preparation and secondary land preparation.
All soil-related activities prior to the incorporation of a crop into the soil are referred to as basic land preparation. There are two main types of basic land preparation.They are primary land preparation and secondary land preparation.
Different types of equipment are used to prepare the ground.These equipment can be classified into two main types depending on the time of use and the power used to activate them.Depending on the situation,land preparation equipment can be divided into three main types.They are primary landscaping equipment,secondary landscaping equipment and interlocking equipment.There are lots of equipments for land preparation.Some of they are hoe,disc plow,’rekkaya’,’ath poruwa’,’dathi poruwa’,rotavator,’ath iscoppa’ and so on.
The establishment of the planting material in the field is known as crop incorporation.The main factor considered in selecting crop incorporation methods is the nature of the planting material.It is important to use the correct depth and spacing in crop incorporation and its benefits include ease of germination,minimization of disease and pest damage,adequate room for early growth and reduced competition among plants.
Finally,I believe agricultural equipment and technology is very important to our day to day life and our future very well.
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